The world’s population passed 8 billion in 2022. Sustainable development asks how to meet people’s needs today without harming the chances of future generations.
Natural increase = birth rate − death rate (per 1000 people). Divide by 10 to get a percentage. The rule of 70 estimates the doubling time = 70 ÷ growth rate (%). Growth slows as countries move through the demographic transition: falling death rates first, then falling birth rates.
Sustainability balances three pillars: environment, society and economy. In 2015 the United Nations agreed 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to achieve by 2030, such as no poverty, clean water, quality education and climate action.
The United Nations agreed the Sustainable Development Goals in:
Which is NOT one of the three pillars of sustainability?
In the demographic transition, which usually falls first?
Sustainable development means meeting the needs of the present:
Birth rate is 20 and death rate is 8 per 1000.
What is the natural increase, per 1000?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.Natural increase is 12 per 1000.
What percentage growth is this per year?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.A population grows at 2% a year. Use the rule of 70.
How many years to double?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.A country grows at 1.4% a year. Use the rule of 70.
How many years to double?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.How many SDGs are there?
Which action supports environmental sustainability?
A high birth rate and low death rate cause:
Which is a social goal?
The rule of 70 estimates:
Containers, the internet and cheap flights link almost every country. These networks create opportunity and risk.
Globalisation is the growing connection of economies, cultures and people. A supply chain links raw materials, factories, shipping and shops, often across several countries. Trade balance = exports − imports: a positive value is a surplus, a negative one a deficit.
Technology speeds communication and trade, but a digital divide exists between people with and without reliable internet and devices. Automation can raise productivity but may displace some workers. Fair trade aims to give producers a fairer price.
Globalisation is best described as:
The digital divide is the gap between:
A trade surplus means:
Fair trade aims to:
A country exports $500 million and imports $350 million.
What is its trade balance, in $ million?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.A country exports $200 million and imports $260 million.
What is its trade balance, in $ million?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.A factory makes 4000 phones a day with automation. Before it made 2500 a day.
By how many phones has daily output risen?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.Of 200 villagers, 50 have internet access.
What percentage do not have access?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.A supply chain links:
A trade deficit occurs when:
A risk of automation is:
Which is a benefit of global trade?
Container ships cut the cost of trade because they:
Global Perspectives ends with an individual research report. Strong research starts with a question, careful sources and an honest conclusion.
Begin with a focused research question (“How does fast fashion affect water use in Bangladesh?”, not “Fashion”). Primary sources are first-hand (surveys, interviews, observations). Secondary sources are written by others (books, articles, websites). Use both where you can.
Check each source for author and expertise, date, purpose, bias and evidence. Compare several sources. A sample should be large and varied to be representative. Always reference your sources to avoid plagiarism.
Which is a primary source?
Which is a secondary source?
Why check a source for bias?
Which sample is most representative?
To avoid plagiarism you should:
Which is the best research question?
You surveyed 200 students and 150 said they use public transport.
What percentage is this?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.You survey 40 people and 18 agree with a statement.
What percentage agree?
Enter an exact answer, without rounding.A good research report ends with:
A larger sample usually gives:
Why use more than one source?
The purpose of a source matters because it can:
An interview you carry out is a:
Questions from every topic in this course. Pick an answer for each one, then hit Check My Answers.
A country’s birth rate falls from 30 to 12 per 1000 while the death rate stays at 8. Natural increase falls from:
Sustainable development meets present needs:
A country with a high birth rate and a falling death rate is likely to have:
Why might a country with a trade deficit still be wealthy?
Shipping containers helped global trade by:
A transnational corporation (TNC) is a company that:
The strongest research project uses:
Primary data is:
A good research question is: